Articles of Interest & News

 


 

Dog's Quick Action Deters Moose

ATTACK: Berry charges, herds wild animal to save owner from likely harm.
By TIM MOWRY
Fairbanks Daily News-Miner 
Published: January 29th, 2008

It was dark, but the glow of Julie Closuit's flashlight was bright enough and the moose was close enough that she could see it lay its ears back before it charged.

"I mainly remember it looking at me and putting its ears back and coming at us," Closuit said. "It didn't think twice. It came right for us." That's when Berry, Closuit's 3-year-old Rottweiler, sprang into action. "As soon as I saw the moose, she jerked the leash out of my hand," said Closuit, who is six months pregnant.


JOHN WAGNER / Fairbanks Daily News-Miner
Julie Closuit was charged by a moose last week while walking her dog Berry, but the Rottweiler came to her rescue by scaring the moose away.

Closuit, 26, had taken Berry for a walk outside their Goldstream Valley home around 7 a.m. Jan. 21. As she does every morning, Closuit walked around the corner of the house with a flashlight to check for moose or the neighbor's loose dog before bringing Berry out. Seeing nothing, she returned with Berry on a leash.
"We got to right about here and Berry started alert barking," said Closuit on Sunday, re-enacting the week-old incident.
When Closuit shined her flashlight in the direction Berry was barking, she saw the silhouette of a moose's head and two glowing eyes. The moose was hidden behind a spruce tree about 20 feet away.

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ONCE IS NOT ENOUGH
By Steve Wolfson

Standing outside the ring, I watched as the judge moved a large class of thirty exhibits. To me, the ring was too small and inadequate for a Rottweiler national specialty! As they moved with their handlers, most exhibits bunched upon each other resembling the rhythm of a giant accordion opening and closing; none could break out of a fast walk or switch gears into a trot. It seemed quite difficult for the judge to correctly evaluate this disorderly group for limping or preliminary assessments. Despite this obvious problem, neither the judge nor the club made any adjustments to ease the congestion. Was the small ring a management problem on the part of the club or simply an incomplete understanding in evaluating structure via locomotion? One can only guess.

  At all-breed shows, time is paramount and space is limited. A judge may have upwards of 175 exhibits to adjudicate in different rings, hand out ribbons, mark the book and be available for photos. Neither the club nor the judge has the luxury of examining each exhibit for the fine details of a breed.

  However, a specialty is the exception. There, the breed is exalted and exhibitors have high expectations from both the adjudicating official and the host club. Because of this, the bar is set high at a specialty since the details weigh heavy on all exhibitors’ minds. Time should be less of a factor and ring size should be large enough to thoroughly evaluate the exhibits while gaiting. Is this not why it is called a specialty? Nonetheless, the rings have grown smaller at many specialties preventing a complete evaluation of gait.

The Rottweiler is originally a drover/guard dog covering the most amount of ground with the least amount of effort. Therefore, his gait is evaluated in the trot. One should not dismiss the purpose of a breed; it is a fundamental aspect in all assessments of structure, temperament and locomotion.

 

In the evaluation of Rottweiler gait, a judge looks for the following:
1. Structure
   a. Congruities
   b. Incongruities

2. Harmony of the working parts 

3. Temperament
   a. Willingness to Perform
   b. Endurance

4. The stride of the dog 
   a. Reach and Drive 
   b. Power of the Locomotion

At an all-breed show, it is difficult to acknowledge all the above factors; one does not have the opportunity to test the wider spectrum in regards to endurance, hidden incongruities or willingness to perform. However, at a specialty we can. 


Once Is Not Enough
Exhibits can easily muster the energy to gait in a small ring without taxing the musculoskeletal system, heart and lungs or temperament. Once around is sufficient. However, the bar and expectations should be set high at a specialty to separate the “best of the best”. To achieve these goals, we must change the dynamics with a large ring. Now, once is not enough!
This diagram shows the dimensions of a large ring that would be commensurate for a specialty. This size should be the minimum wherever possible. It is large enough to accommodate big classes, and is most importantly expansive enough for gaiting. It has several advantages over its smaller counterpart. This large ring is advantageous for the judge. The judge can step back far enough to gain a wide perspective. From such a vantage point, the judge has an improved view and can easily assess any exhibit’s change in gait, structure or temperament in comparison to others in the ring.


In the large ring, we can observe two aspects of the Rottweiler that a small one does not reveal
1. Hidden structural incongruities 
2. Temperament
    a. Willingness to Perform
    b. Endurance



1. Hidden Structural Incongruities

Standing still, many exhibits look great with good to superior breed type, good expression and great structure. Move them more than once around a large ring and the dynamics change. For example, the judge asks the handler to move his dog up and back then around the ring. For now, all appears wonderful and in the judge’s mind or book, a placement is made for the exhibit. The best six to ten dogs remain and all are asked to gait the full distance of the ring until asked to stop. Suddenly, in the second lap, the great looking exhibit that had all the right stuff starts to limp! What occurred? There are several possible scenarios. 

 

1. While gaiting, the exhibit encounters a low spot in the ground and twists a foot or shoulder. 
2. The exhibit is “out of condition” and its musculoskeletal structure is not ready for the rigors of 
extended running. 
3. Somewhere in the musculoskeletal structure, lies a covert weakness either in a
ligament or tendon, bone incongruity or muscle.

Obviously, a dog with structural problems such as, straight in the stifle, or very east-west in the front feet, etc., will break down quickly in a large ring after several laps. No surprise here! Most would expect this to occur in a dog with such a problem. In the small ring, save for an environmental “twist of the ankle”, #2, and # 3 do not occur since no physical stress was applied. However, in the large ring there is considerably more exertion. Under the pressure of exertion, a weakness is revealed.


2.Temperament

Because the Rottweiler is a working dog, there must be some applied mental pressure affecting the temperament of the dog. This is necessary to insure the breed maintains its ability to overcome and endure the rigors of work. It is what the Germans call “Belastbarkeit”. What we call, testing the dog’s “Mettle”. This is the philosophical foundation for the sport of Schutzhund. An example of this is the gunshot test at a German shepherd sieger show. In the adult classes, the judge fires a starter pistol twice while the handlers stand with their entries. Any exhibit, which demonstrates nervousness, fear or viciousness as a result of the gunshot, is disqualified.
Whether the ring is large or small, there is a degree of stress and mental pressure exerted on an exhibit. Occasionally, we observe exhibits demonstrating extremes i.e. viciousness, shyness, fear, or the inability to stand for examination. Those dogs that display these extremes must be disqualified or excused. With more frequency, we observe dogs that fall in a grey area; they do not demonstrate the extremes, but a reluctance to be involved displayed by ears that are always back or hanging down. All these are obvious temperament flaws that are not acceptable for a working dog such as the Rottweiler. 

A. Willingness to Perform
In the large ring, we can observe the temperament characteristic of “Willingness to Perform”. Its best example is the exhibit that maintains a high energy attitude with ears forward, head held up in exuberant expression, lap after lap. This is the exhibit that appears to enjoy the challenge; it has “Willingness to Perform”. Conversely, we can observe exhibits that demonstrate reluctance to gait with exuberance in the first or second lap and must be cajoled by their handler. These exhibits do not possess a physical problem, but are handicapped by incorrect temperament.

B. Endurance
Endurance is a necessary component of the working dog. Two factors play a role in endurance.
1.Physical condition of the musculoskeletal system and heart and lung capacity.
2.Mental attitude 


1. Physical condition
All those that run, or are involved in a strenuous exercise program or body building, know it is impossible to maintain the physical exertion and stress demanded from the heart, lungs, and musculoskeletal system without being in good physical condition. The same is true for a dog. A Rottweiler that is in good physical condition should be able to endure a trot, without rest, in a large ring for at least 10 minutes. Because of, excess body weight, little or poor muscle mass and inferior heart and lung capacity, a great amount of today’s exhibits are “out of condition”. For them, this would be difficult. 
2. Mental attitude.
Mental attitude (as part of general temperament) influences the dog’s ability to endure and persevere. As laps increase, it becomes more strenuous and exhausting to continue. Despite a dog being in excellent physical condition, without correct mental attitude, it will “shut down” or “run out of gas” early in the competition. The dog with drive, when confronted with resistance or difficulty, will continue. The one without drive will give up.

Caveat

There are two things that affect even the best conditioned Rottweiler, even those possessing an exemplary temperament … heat and humidity!
Because the muzzle on the Rottweiler is short and the coat is black, heat and humidity have a particularly debilitating effect. Other breeds do not have this problem like the Rottweiler. As the temperature rises and the humidity increases, clubs, judges and owners must take such factors into consideration when competing. Surely, the well conditioned dog with exemplary temperament can cope with these factors but there is a point where high temperature and humidity will take its toll. One must be careful!

In conclusion, many variables affect the success of a specialty dog show i.e., the location, adjudicating official, the management of the show, the time of the year, the weather, and attention to details. Some things are in our control, some are not. When the ring size is small, it sends a message that the judgment of the full spectrum of locomotion will be incomplete. We should demand more from hosting clubs than just providing a place to exhibit our dogs. At a specialty, we want to acknowledge the details of our breed. With correct breed type and the ability to sustain the rigors of the large ring, such are the Rottweilers that should be acknowledged and selected the Best of the Best!


Note: Thanks to Kreg Zimmerman for help in editing.

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Fight BSL, It's a Matter of Survival
By Alex Wisienski

Our Rottweilers are second only to Pit Bulls on the list of dangerous dogs. EVERY owner should do something to protect their breed. 

There are already 75 breeds of dogs that are banned or restricted in cities across the United States. Breeds that include the Pug, Golden Retriever, and Labrador Retriever. No breed is safe from BSL. Just because a breed is not mentioned in a proposed bill, it doesn't mean it can't be added at a lower municipal level. 

Let the world know that just because we have a working breed and do Schutzhund or other controlled bitework, it doesn't mean our dogs are mean or vicious. Remind people every chance you get that bad owners are the cause of the dog problems we hear about. If someone sees a movie or a photo of dogs snarling or doing bitework and asks if our dogs are like that, let them know its only a movie or photo for advertising a product. Let them know that it doesn't mean the dogs are really mean. Take advantage of every opportunity to educate every person no matter how young or how old. If they are listening, educate them. Too many people are believing that BSL is the best thing to protect them and make for a safer community. The reason is because there are many news reports on dog bites and not enough information from responsible owners and breed clubs. Remember the old adage, “the squeakiest wheel gets the grease”. That means if you don't speak up, BSL will win and our dogs will be the biggest losers. When someone asks your opinion, or tries to tell you BSL is good, let them have it. 

  • BSL WILL NOT stop dog bites or maulings until ALL dogs are banned or extinct. 

  • BSL provides a false sense of security. 

  • BSL DOES NOT stop or punish bad owners. They will just get another breed or buy a gun.

  • BSL will increase the number of surrendered dogs to shelters and the euthanasia of healthy sound dogs. 

  • BSL will force responsible owners to surrender or euthanize their beloved pet. 


A New Jersey legislator introduced a new bill in the Assembly. It is A3401 and it “prohibits certain breeding and selling of dogs and cats”. YES, cats too. It defines a “Breeding Facility” as “any building or area whether outdoor or indoor, in which more than one cat or dog is housed”. The key word here is `any'. This N.J. bill has a lot of support because people don't see between the lines. It appears to be a perfect bill to control puppy mills, which it would, but it is very vague and can be interpreted differently at lower municipalities. It would add a tremendous burden to responsible multi pet owners that are not mills. This too is BSL. BSL is real and it is a major threat to domestic pets as we now know them and a threat to our right to own and care for them. 

BSL and other breed ban policies will only legalize extinction. They fail to keep children and communities safe. Bad owners and criminals will continue to reek havoc in communities. BSL only punishes the good dogs and good owners. 

The average citizen needs to hear our side of the argument. They need to be educated. Educated people know that dogs are not the problem, bad owners are. 

I recommend that EVERY Rottweiler owner that has a website post BSL information and links to BSL information on their websites. It is a matter of urgence to get the message out. It is the responsibility of EVERY Rottweiler owner to do their part to protect our breed. Posting BSL information on your website won't take long and it won't cost anything either. That's the least you can do.

 

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CAUTION - CHANGING A BREED STANDARD
By Patricia (Pat) H. Gilbert

If you open any Breed Standard to small changes, everyone has an agenda and big or inadvertent changes occur. We are working with a half dozen Parent Clubs on changes to their breed Standards that have this problem. The Havanese people are seriously close to splitting a relatively new AKC breed. Why? Members don't like each other and the breed has coat issues.

Standards are written by and for people who know dogs and their breed. They are a blueprint with room for individual interpretation and do not need to spell out everything. Basic anatomy is assumed. Four legs are not really mentioned in any Standard but as a judge show me a three legged dog and see what happens. 

The Afghan Hound breed is in great shape because the Afghan Hound Club of America (AHCA) left the Standard alone. It is untouched since 1948. It is not archaic. It is in "memory of ages past". It tells me the world each time I read it. Yes, there are traditions and additional nuances in the breed not spelled out specifically. It involves knowing the breed. It involves study.

Better to educate the public, owners, handlers, breeders and the judges. The AKC is not responsible for breed education. The Parent Clubs are responsible for breed education. 

The AHCA does have excellent programs for breeder's education, and judge's education. Ed and I presented The Heritage of the Afghan Hound in MN a few years ago at the National. We discussed mandarins, monkey whiskers, scented, etc. We discussed the nuances of the breed. We have a CD of the expanded version for sale to benefit Afghan Hound Health and Rescue Efforts.

There are books on the breed such as “The Complete Afghan Hound”, by Constance Miller & E. M. Gilbert Jr. (out of print).

Go to the AHCA website and read the excellent material there. It is written by some of the most prestigious past and present Afghan Hound people. 

The people, the material, the videos, and the CD's are out there. You can lead the horse to water, but...today's horses act more like camels with no thirst for knowledge.

I cannot imagine getting involved in owning or showing or worse judging a breed without study. Yet many believe, people do it every day and it is common. 

Yet some in the fancy really think the solution is to change a Standard for people who do not know what the words mean anyway. Change it for people who don't care enough to interpret the words? Change it for people who do not know basic anatomy? Change it for people who do not understand breed specific conformation or movement? NOOOOOO. Leave the Standard alone and educate the people. 

This is, as you can read, a hot point with me. Give them a copy of the Standard and then discuss the various points. Teach people how to read and interpret Standards. That is what Ed and I do at our seminars. 

Some advocate changing the Afghan Hound Standard to include allowances for the differences between puppies and adults. Some have stated: "The Standard doesn't differentiate between puppy and adults." Yet a reading of the Standard shows this statement to be untrue.

The AKC Afghan Hound Standard states: “Coat - ...the saddle...hair is short and close, forming a smooth back in mature dogs...Fault - Lack of shorthaired saddle in mature dogs.”

A study of the breed and semantics will show that a puppy is not a mature dog and therefore is not expected to have a saddle.

Education is the only change I want to see.

When it comes to breed Standards it is best not to open Pandora’s box.

Courtesy of Ed & Pat Gilbert's K-9 Seminars.
Copyright 2008 / Web site: www.gilbertk9.com

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SLEEPING WITH ROTTWEILERS
Dogs & Chit Chat by The Silver Haired Lady

RULE NUMBER ONE: The deeper the sleep, the heavier the Rottweiler. Most people who sleep with Rottweilers develop spinal deformities rather than rent the heavy equipment necessary to move their snoring canines to a more appropriate part of the bed. Cunning canines steal precious space in tiny increments until they have achieved the center position on the bed -- with all covers carefully tucked under them for safekeeping. The stretch and roll method is very effective in gaining territory. Less subtle tactics are sometimes preferred. A jealous Rottweiler can worm his way between a sleeping couple and, with the proper spring action from all four legs, shove a sleeping human to the floor.


Let Sleeping Dogs Lie: If you own and/or love Rottweilers you will treasure this viewpoint (by unknown author).

RULE NUMBER TWO: Rottweilers possess superhuman strength while on a bed. As you cling to the edge of the bed, wishing you had covers, your sweet pup begins to snore at a volume you would not have thought possible. Once that quiets down, the Rottweiler dreams begin. Yipping, growling, running, kicking. Your bed becomes a battlefield and playground of canine fantasy. It starts out with a bit of "sleep running", lots of eye movement and then, suddenly, a shrieking howl blasted through the night like a banshee wail. The horror of this wake-up call haunts you for years. It's particularly devastating when your pup insists on sleeping curled around your head like a demented Daniel Boone cap.

RULE NUMBER THREE: The deeper the sleep, the louder the Rottweiler. The night creeps on and you fall asleep in the 3 inches of bed not claimed by a Rottweiler. The Rottweiler dreams quiet slightly and the heap of Rottweiler flesh sleeps -- breathing heavily and passing wind. Then, too soon, it's dawn and the heap stirs. Each Rottweiler has a distinctive and unpleasant method of waking the pack. One may position itself centimeters from a face and stare until you wake. The clever Rottweiler obtains excellent results by simply sneezing on your face, or they could romp all over your sleeping bodies -- or the ever-loving insertion of a tongue in an unsuspecting ear.

RULE NUMBER FOUR: When the Rottweiler wakes -- you wake. So, why do we put up with this? There's no sane reason. Perhaps it's just that we're a pack and a pack heaps together at night -- safe, contented, heavy and loud.

Nitey Night and Sweet Dreams to All 

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Beware Holiday Hazards For Dogs
by Tracie Laliberte-Bailey /For The Sun Chronicle

The sight of giant snow globes on front lawns and the clog of sale fliers in my mailbox are clear indicators that the holiday season is chasing me.

I've got lists to make, goodies to bake, and gifts to buy. Then there's the tree, the decorations, the lights, and of course there's the all-important task of puppy proofing my Christmas.

My holidays should be doubly fun this year because my little elf just turned eight months old, and she will be at the peak of her puppy obnoxiousness just about the time that Santa Paws is digging his way down my chimney. I'm already cringing at the not-so-sugar plum visions of her tearing the ornaments off the tree, drinking the water from the tree stand, and pee-peeing on the tree skirt. I know that this, and so much worse, is coming to town.

The holiday season is the most dangerous time of the year for dogs. I'm not talking about the kind of irreparable emotional harm that my puppy will insist has been imposed upon her by being safely abandoned at home while I am out battling tug-of-war for the last on-sale squeaky toy among the pit bulls of shoppers at the mall. I'm talking about the ho-ho-horrors associated with the everyday celebrations that occur within our dog dens.

Most every dog owner is familiar with the toxic dangers associated with the consumption of chocolate by dogs. The darker the chocolate, the more dangerous it is. In fact, one square of baker's chocolate can kill a small dog. As a general rule, you should keep all chocolate away from any place where a dog might reach it. Use extra caution when receiving boxes or gifts that may contain chocolate. Don't put these gifts under the tree, and exercise caution by asking that all deliveries be secured safely away from pets. 

Believe it or not, the sugar substitute Xylitol that is commonly found in many chewing gums and some flavors of Altoids (which make wonderful stocking stuffers!) is toxic to dogs. Just two squares of gum can cause a reaction in a 20-pound dog, and higher doses can trigger seizures and liver failure. Similarly, raisins and grapes can cause kidney breakdown and macadamia nuts can cause dramatic muscle weakness. These are all treats that often adorn our holiday tables.

Mistletoe, holly, and poinsettia plants have toxic leaves and berries that can be extremely poisonous. I never send these plants to pet owners, and whenever I receive one, I play it safe by donating the plant to the local community center. Glass tree ornaments, angel hair, metal ornament hooks and tinsel can also severely damage and obstruct animal digestive systems. I don't use any of these, but if they are a must in your doghouse they should always be placed on high branches as far away from Fido's forepaws as possible.

My puppy puts everything in her mouth, and last week I caught her standing on the dining room table. Unfortunately, I missed the opportunity to make a correction because I was laughing too hard, so I'm sure she'll do it again. Aye Chihuahua, surviving the holidays will be a Griswold adventure in my house this year.

Wags, Tracie 

 

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Cat is Mans Best Friend
A Rushford plumber and his Rottweiler pitch in to help, comfort after flood
By Elena Grimm | Winona Daily News
RUSHFORD, Minn. — You could say that Cat is man’s best friend.

For Jeremy Volkman, Cat, a 2-year-old Rottweiler, is not only his best friend but his partner in helping flood victims clean up and move back to their homes.

Since his hometown of Rushford flooded five weeks ago, Volkman has spent about 80 to 100 hours a week doing “whatever needs to be done,” he said.

Cat has been with him every day. Cat rides in Volkman’s red Ford pickup into town, where Volkman hitches the 130-pound dog to a wagon for bringing water and supplies wherever needed.

On Saturday morning, the 33-year-old plumber was hauling hay. The afternoon he spent replacing plumbing at a home.

Volkman’s own house suffered only a wet basement in the Aug. 18-19 flood that hit about two-thirds of the town’s homes. He spent the early hours of the morning after the storm pumping water out of his basement.


Jeremy Volkman and his 2-year-old Rottweiler, Cat, have been helping with flood cleanup in Rushford, Minn. for the past five weeks. Cat, with Volkman's help, can haul 600 pounds in the wagon. "He just wants to help people," said Volkman. (Photo by Paul Solberg/Winona Daily News

Then he took his first walk through town. After seeing diesel fuel from Kwik Trip floating on top of the floodwaters and the roofs of trailer homes sticking out from what he calls “a big trailer court lake,” Volkman knew how lucky he was.

“I almost felt bad not getting flooded,” Volkman said. “It’s horrible to watch everyone else go through this.”

Instead of watching, Volkman and Cat pitched in. He has opened his home to friends who lost their homes, including a woman with three children and three foster children. Others have been in and out of his house the past month, along with pets.

When parts of town were blocked off, Volkman admits he had to sneak in or “politely ask” to be let in. He said that the work he does is in return for all the people who have helped him.

“It is my regular job; I’m just not charging as much for it,” he said.

Volkman grew up in his grandmother’s house in the Brooklyn section of town. Now, what’s left is a wood frame of 2-by-4s.

“I used to go in the house and you could smell the aroma, and once you smell it you almost see your grandpa,” Volkman said. His grandfather died shortly after Volkman graduated from high school.

After graduating from Rushford-Peterson High School, Volkman spent 10 years away from Rushford, but he and his wife, Candi, moved back to raise their sons, Dalton, 15, and Gaige, 11.

After pumping water out and seeing the deterioration that lay underneath, Volkman said that the hardest part will be keeping the value of Rushford the way he knows it — a small, safe community to raise children.

“I guess the future of Rushford is pretty uncertain,” he said. “They say it’s a 1,000 year flood, but it could happen tomorrow.”

Volkman has owned Rottweilers since he was 16. Cat, short for Catastrophic, is the opposite of what his name implies. A hard worker, the dog provides comfort for people who need it, Volkman said

“He is something to hug,” Volkman said. “And Cat got a lot of hugs in all this.” 

 

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Recognizing, Preventing, and Handling Dog Aggression
Lia Felabhoe 
October 11, 2007 

A dog is an instinctively aggressive creature. In the wild, aggression came in very handy: dogs needed aggression to hunt, to defend themselves from other creatures, and to defend resources such as food, a place to sleep, and a mate. Selective breeding over the centuries has minimized and refined this trait significantly, but there’s just no getting around it: dogs are physically capable of inflicting serious harm (just look at those teeth!) because that’s how they’ve survived and evolved. And Mother Nature is pretty wily – it’s hard to counteract the power of instinct! 

But that doesn’t mean that we, as dog lovers and owners, are entirely helpless when it comes to handling our dogs. There’s a lot that we can do to prevent aggression from rearing its ugly head in the first place – and even if prevention hasn’t been possible (for whatever reason), there are still steps that we can take to recognize and deal with it efficiently. 

- Different aggression types - 

There are several different types of canine aggression. The two most common ones are: 

- Aggression towards strangers 

- Aggression towards family members 

You may be wondering why we’re bothering categorizing this stuff: after all, aggression is aggression, and we want to turf it out NOW, not waste time with the details – right? 

Well … not quite. These two different types of aggression stem from very different causes, and require different types of treatment. 

- Aggression towards strangers - 

What is it? 

It’s pretty easy to tell when a dog’s nervy around strange people. He’s jumpy and on the alert: either he can’t sit still and is constantly fidgeting, leaping at the smallest sound, and pacing around barking and whining; or he’s very still indeed, sitting rock-steady in one place, staring hard at the object of his suspicions (a visitor, the mailman, someone approaching him on the street while he’s tied up outside a store.) 

Why does it happen? 

There’s one major reason why a dog doesn’t like strange people: he’s never had the chance to get used to them. Remember, your dog relies 100% on you to broaden his horizons for him: without being taken on lots of outings to see the world and realize for himself, through consistent and positive experiences, that the unknown doesn’t necessarily equal bad news for him, how can he realistically be expected to relax in an unfamiliar situation? 

What can I do about it? 

The process of accustoming your dog to the world and all the strange people (and animals) that it contains is called socialization. This is an incredibly important aspect of your dog’s upbringing: in fact, it’s pretty hard to overemphasize just how important it is. Socializing your dog means exposing him from a young age (generally speaking, as soon as he’s had his vaccinations) to a wide variety of new experiences, new people, and new animals. 

How does socialization prevent stranger aggression? 

When you socialize your dog, you’re getting him to learn through experience that new sights and sounds are fun, not scary. 

It’s not enough to expose an adult dog to a crowd of unfamiliar people and tell him to “Settle down, Roxy, it’s OK” – he has to learn that it’s OK for himself. And he needs to do it from puppyhood for the lesson to sink in. 

The more types of people and animals he meets (babies, toddlers, teenagers, old people, men, women, people wearing uniforms, people wearing motorcycle helmets, people carrying umbrellas, etc) in a fun and relaxed context, the more at ease and happy – and safe around strangers - he’ll be in general. 

How can I socialize my dog so that he doesn’t develop a fear of strangers? 

Socializing your dog is pretty easy to do – it’s more of a general effort than a specific training regimen. 

First of all, you should take him to puppy preschool. This is a generic term for a series of easy group-training classes for puppies (often performed at the vet clinic, which has the additional benefit of teaching your dog positive associations with the vet!). 

In a puppy preschool class, about ten or so puppy owners get together with a qualified trainer (often there’ll be at least two trainers present – the more there are, the better, since it means you get more one-on-one time with a professional) and start teaching their puppies the basic obedience commands: sit, stay, and so on. 

Even though the obedience work is very helpful and is a great way to start your puppy on the road to being a trustworthy adult dog, really the best part of puppy preschool is the play sessions: several times throughout the class, the puppies are encouraged to run around off-leash and play amongst themselves. 

This is an ideal environment for them to learn good social skills: there’s a whole bunch of unfamiliar dogs present (which teaches them how to interact with strange dogs), there’s a whole bunch of unfamiliar people present (which teaches them that new faces are nothing to be afraid of), and the environment is safe and controlled (there’s at least one certified trainer present to make sure that things don’t get out of hand). 

Socialization doesn’t just stop with puppy preschool, though. It’s an ongoing effort throughout the life of your puppy and dog: he needs to be taken to a whole bunch of new places and environments. 

Remember not to overwhelm him: start off slow, and build up his tolerance gradually. 

- Aggression towards family members - 

There are two common reasons why a dog is aggressive towards members of his own human family: 

- He’s trying to defend something he thinks of as his from a perceived threat (you). 

This is known as resource guarding, and though it may sound innocuous, there’s actually a lot more going on here than your dog simply trying to keep his kibble to himself. 


- He’s not comfortable with the treatment/handling he’s getting from you or other members of the family. 

What’s resource guarding? 

Resource guarding is pretty common among dogs. The term refers to overly-possessive behavior on behalf of your dog: for instance, snarling at you if you approach him when he’s eating, or giving you “the eye” (a flinty-eyed, direct stare) if you reach your hand out to take a toy away from him. 

All dogs can be possessive from time to time – it’s in their natures. Sometimes they’re possessive over things with no conceivable value: inedible trash, balled up pieces of paper or tissue, old socks. More frequently, however, resource-guarding becomes an issue over items with a very real and understandable value: food and toys. 

Why does it happen? 

It all boils down to the issue of dominance. Let me take a moment to explain this concept: dogs are pack animals. This means that they’re used to a very structured environment: in a dog-pack, each individual animal is ranked in a hierarchy of position and power (or “dominance”) in relation to every other animal. Each animal is aware of the rank of every other animal, which means he knows specifically how to act in any given situation (whether to back down, whether to push the issue, whether to muscle in or not on somebody else’s turf, etc etc). 

To your dog, the family environment is no different to the dog-pack environment. Your dog has ranked each member of the family, and has his own perception of where he ranks in that environment as well. 

This is where it gets interesting: if your dog perceives himself as higher up on the social totem-pole than other family members, he’s going to get cheeky. If he’s really got an overinflated sense of his own importance, he’ll start to act aggressively. 

Why? Because dominance and aggression are the exclusive rights of a superior-ranked animal. No underdog would ever show aggression or act dominantly to a higher-ranked animal (the consequences would be dire, and he knows it!) 

Resource guarding is a classic example of dominant behavior: only a higher-ranked dog (a “dominant” dog) would act aggressively in defense of resources. 

To put it plainly: if it was clear to your dog that he is not, in fact, the leader of the family, he’d never even dream of trying to prevent you from taking his food or toys – because a lower-ranking dog (him) will always go along with what the higher-ranking dogs (you and your family) say. 

So what can I do about it? The best treatment for dominant, aggressive behavior is consistent, frequent obedience work, which will underline your authority over your dog. Just two fifteen-minute sessions a day will make it perfectly clear to your dog that you’re the boss, and that it pays to do what you say. 

You can make this fact clear to him by rewarding him (with treats and lavish praise) for obeying a command, and isolating him (putting him in “time-out”, either outside the house or in a room by himself) for misbehavior. 

- If you’re not entirely confident doing this yourself, you may wish to consider enlisting the assistance of a qualified dog-trainer. 

- Brush up on your understanding of canine psychology and communication, so that you understand what he’s trying to say – this will help you to nip any dominant behaviors in the bud, and to communicate your own authority more effectively 

- Train regularly: keep obedience sessions short and productive (no more than fifteen minutes – maybe two or three of these per day). 

Why doesn’t my dog like to be handled? 

All dogs have different handling thresholds. Some dogs like lots of cuddles, and are perfectly content to be hugged, kissed, and have arms slung over their shoulders (this is the ultimate “I’m the boss” gesture to a dog, which is why a lot of them won’t tolerate it.) Others – usually the ones not accustomed to a great deal of physical contact from a very young age – aren’t comfortable with too much full-body contact and will get nervy and agitated if someone persists in trying to hug them. 

Another common cause of handling-induced aggression is a bad grooming experience: nail-clipping and bathing are the two common culprits. 

When you clip a dog’s nails, it’s very easy to “quick” him – that is, cut the blood vessel that runs inside the nail. This is extremely painful to a dog, and is a sure-fire way to cause a long-lasting aversion to those clippers. 

Being washed is something that a great many dogs have difficulty dealing with – a lot of owners, when confronted with a wild-eyed, half-washed, upset dog, feel that in order to complete the wash they have to forcibly restrain him. This only adds to the dog’s sense of panic, and reinforces his impression of a wash as something to be avoided at all costs – if necessary, to defend himself from it with a display of teeth and hackles. 

Can I “retrain” him to enjoy being handled and groomed? 

In a word: yes. It’s a lot easier if you start from a young age – handle your puppy a lot, get him used to being touched and rubbed all over. Young dogs generally enjoy being handled – it’s only older ones who haven’t had a lot of physical contact throughout their lives that sometimes find physical affection difficult to accept. 

Practice picking up his paws and touching them with the clipper; practice taking him into the bath (or outside, under the faucet – whatever works for you, but warm water is much more pleasant for a dog than a freezing spray of ice-water!), and augment the process throughout with lots of praise and the occasional small treat. 

For an older dog that may already have had several unpleasant handling/grooming experiences, things are a little more difficult. You need to undo the damage already caused by those bad experiences, which you can do by taking things very slowly – with an emphasis on keeping your dog calm. 

The instant he starts to show signs of stress, stop immediately and let him relax. Try to make the whole thing into a game: give him lots of praise, pats, and treats. 

Take things slowly. Don’t push it too far: if you get nervous, stop. 

Dogs show aggression for a reason: they’re warning you to back off, or else! If your dog just can’t seem to accept being groomed, no matter how much practice you put in, it’s best to hand the job over to the professionals. 

Your vet will clip his nails for you (make sure you tell him first that he gets aggressive when the clippers come out, so your vet can take the necessary precautions!). As far as washing and brushing goes, the dog-grooming business is a flourishing industry: for a small fee, you can get your dog washed, clipped, brushed, and whatever else you require by experienced professionals (again, make sure you tell them about your dog’s reaction to the experience first!)

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